Meli Chacón has completed her Graduation in Dentist from The University of Seville and Post-graduation training in Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics and also PhD degree from at the University of Seville, Spain.

Rapid maxillary expansion is a useful strategy in the treatment of malocclusion. It is applicable for correcting posterior crossbites (unilateral and bilateral), narrow maxillary arches, mandibular functional shift and dental crowding. This technique was first described by Angell and then, a number of banded loops or helices, jackscrew devices and spring-loaded devices have been incorporated in fixed or removable appliances to achieve widening of the maxillary arch. RME increases the upper arch transverse dimensions mainly by separation of the two maxillary halves (orthopedic effect), followed by buccal movement of the posterior teeth and alveolar processes (orthodontic effect). The effect of the appliance on the midpalatal suture has also been reported to vary with age. A greater response to RPE has been reported in younger subjects, whereas in older subjects the appliance becomes increasingly less effective, to the point where no sutural expansion takes place. This has been correlated with the increase with age of bony intercalations along the midpalatal suture line. It is thought that this osseous interlocking, and perhaps synostosis of the midpalatal suture, causes a mechanical resistance to the actions for the expansion device. The aim of this study will be to analyze the benefits of an early treatment of the anterior and posterior crossbite. It will be explained when it´s the correct time to treat a patient with anterior/posterior crossbite. It will be shown different appliances for this purpose. It will be also clarified when it’s the best time to refer a child for an orthodontic assessment by a general dentist.

Binoy Mathew has completed his B D S and M D S. He is an occasionally visiting doctor and working as Orthodontist, Maxillofacial surgeon in Valiyakulangara Dental Clinic for past 14 years.

Orthodontics is in a major turn of events now. Orthodontics was purely customized at one time where the orthodontist used evaluates each face for its specific individual patterns and plans the treatment accordingly. It used to fabricate the appliance considering these individual needs. Straight wire appliance was a major development in the field of orthodontics. The advent of straight wire system resulted in mass customization of orthodontic brackets. This resulted in a major jump in the industrial production of orthodontic arsenals. But this also resulted in a slow but steady decline of orthodontics as a profession. Then

came the need for invisible orthodontics and lingual appliance became the appliance of choice at this juncture. Lingual appliance is a difficult appliance to use both for the patient and the doctor. This situation resulted in the development of appliances that are un-noticeable and called shall appliances or aligners. This also gained much popularity. But now every laboratory throughout the world makes these aligners. The limitation of this system is the lack of predictable results, root movement and inconvenience of being a removable appliance. At this juncture orthodontist around the globe felt a need for better systems of orthodontics which

 

Manuela Daian has finished her dentistry studies in Bucharest at the University for Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila. In 1999 she received her graduate training in Orthodontics at the same University. She started her career as an orthodontist in Greece and since 2009 she has been working in the Netherlands. She is aware that continuous training is very important. During the years she has enriched her knowledge by following seminars and courses at home and abroad. In addition to practical work, she is also involved in the educational field. In the period 2012-2014 she was also active in training of orthodontic assistants at the Academie Tandartsenpraktijk in Amersfoort and she has given scientific presentation on oral hygiene during orthodontic treatment, impacted cuspids and tooth autotransplantation. She is an Invisalign, Damon and Incognito certified orthodontist

Anterior open bite (AOB) is defined as the lack of incisal contact between anterior teeth in centric relation. Prevalence in the population ranges from 1.5% to 11%.6. The age factor, however, affects prevalence, since sucking habits decrease and oral function matures with age. At six years old 4.2% present with AOB whereas at age 14 the prevalence decreases to 2%. Anterior open bite is considered to be one of the most difficult treatments. Proper diagnosis and treatment planning, successful treatment, and retention have been stressed for the long-term stability of open bite treatment. There are several factors that could be related to the development of open bite. Among these are an unfavorable mandibular growth pattern, heredity, imbalances between jaw postures, digit-sucking habits, nasopharyngeal airway obstruction, tongue posture and activity and head position. Various treatment modalities have been proposed for the correction of anterior open bites: surgical and nonsurgical. Vertical control during comprehensive orthodontic treatment has been a challenging problem in orthodontics. It is known that fixed appliance therapy tends to extrude teeth and increase the mandibular plane angle during treatment. More recently, some clinicians have introduced the use of clear aligners to control the vertical dimension, citing the development of posterior open bites at the end of clear aligner treatment. However, with a series of improvements (G series) introduced over the past few years, several clinical case reports using clear aligners have shown good vertical control of the posterior teeth. The biomechanics for anterior open bite correction with clear aligners involve the following: relative extrusion of the incisorspure, extrusion of the incisors, posterior intrusion of the maxillary and mandibular teeth. We will present an adult case treated with invisalign. The treatment duration was 40 weeks and the anterior open bite was mainly corrected with relative extrusion of the incisors.

Harshita has completed her Bachelors in Dental Surgery from Saraswati Dental College, Uttar Pradesh, India. She is currently working as Assistant Dental Surgeon in Vivekananda Polyclinic and Institute of Medical Sciences, Uttar Pradesh, India. She has presented two scientific presentations in different national conferences and has participated in various national conferences.

Syndromic children present delays in motor skills acquisition compared to those with normal development, which may interfere in activities such as grip strength and manual dexterity. Their clinical complexity demands comprehensive management by an extensive multidisciplinary team. Judging from the explosion of articles not only in scientific journals, but also in the mass media and on the internet, one could say that the term “stem cells” has become linked to the word “cure”. In the recent years, the field of dentistry has embossed its presence by taking major leaps in research and further bringing it into practice. Recently, scientists focus on tooth tissue engineering, as a potential treatment, beyond the existing prosthetic methods. Tooth engineering is a promising new therapeutic approach that seeks to replace the missing tooth with a bioengineered one or to restore the damaged dental tissue. Additional research needs to be performed, but nevertheless, the results of existing studies are encouraging and strongly support the belief that tooth engineering can offer hope to special children suffering from dental problems or tooth loss.