Dentistry and Dental Medicine

Oral implantology is a branch of the oral surgery that opened a new era in dentistry and whose is in continuous development.

We can say that oral implantology is a mixture of dento-alveolar, prosthetic and gnatology. Th e concept of osteointegration,

guided tissue regeneration, bone graft s, sinus-lift interventions have contributed to expanding dental implant indications and

increasing the success rate. In the therapy of bone defects for the purpose of substituting the hard tissues, additive materials are

used. Th ese in the form of orgines, are divided into autographs, analogs and alloplastic materials. Bone tissue is the only tissue

in the body that can be cured without any structural or functional deterioration without scars. It has long been considered as

the gold standard in addition techniques, being the only additive material with osteogenic capacities. It does not involve high

costs being harvested from the same patient who would receive the graft . It was fi rst in add-on type bone as it was biocompatible

with a lower risk than the graft is not acceptable because it comes from the same patient. Th e incidence of autologous bone graft

use was represented by the high rate of intra and postoperative complications as well as the high bone loss. Once harvested,

the auto-graft should be used immediately or stored for short periods of time in sterile saline, Ringier dairy solution or D5W

to maintain vitality of bone cells. It is contraindicated to keep the graft s in distilled water because cell lysation is produced due

to the hypotonicity of the water. Also, keeping graft s in the blood decreases the survival rate of cells in the graft because the

red blood cells eliminate cytotoxic cells that damage the cells. Th e auto-grip collection places are divided into two categories:

Intraoral and extraoral. Since the beginning of bone graft ing, auto-graft was the fi rst material used to obtain an optimal bone

quantity. Th e fi rst place of harvesting was the iliac crest. Th e auto-graft has the highest success rate of all addition materials,

the quality of the bone formed being very good and without any extra cost to the patient. Available bone volume regardless

of where we harvest, less in the case of jaw tubercular auto-screen (2-4 ml). We have the best bone quality in the mandibular

symphysis. Respiration time between 3-8 months. Autograph can solve almost any type of bone defect from lift ing of unilateral

jaw simula, small alveolar defects, large alveolar defects. Another advantage is that it can be combined with other materials.