6^th Annual Congress on Dentistry and Dental Medicine November 22-23, 2018 Bucharest, Romania

Dental biomaterials are specialized instruments that are designed to be used in dentistry. These are fabricated structures. Their main focus is replacement and enhancement of missing tissues due to some disease or accidents and also to restore its normal function. Dental biomaterials professionals study the structure, properties, and processing of these materials and interaction of these materials with the face and mouth tissues. It is principally involved in restorative dentistry, prosthodontics, pedodontics, and orthodontics. The dental materials are designed with the key components of every dental procedure. The use of these materials depends largely on the on the type of practice operated. New dental materials are introduced in the market at a rapid pace, so staying on top of our options is an ongoing part of practicing dentistry.

Realization of Dental health is more important. In this nutrition plays a big role. Our diet influences how our teeth develop. What we eat plays a role in maintaining dental health. Proper nutrition means eating a well-balanced diet so that your body can get the nutrients needed for good health. If a low nutritious food is preferred, your mouth may have a more difficult time resisting infection. This may lead to periodontal disease, a major cause of tooth loss in adults. Although periodontal diseases are indirectly caused by poor nutrition, it is believed that the disease progresses faster causing severe complications in people with poor nutrient diets.

The potential cause of dental caries is the consumption of sugar-containing foods and drinks. Poor diet also affects immune system functioning and people with lowered immunity have been shown to be at increased risk of gum, disease. The increased susceptibility to gum disease is likely due to a decreased ability to resists periodontal pathogens.

Orthodontics is a practice of dentistry which deals with the correction of irregularities of the teeth by means of braces. It also deals with the diagnosis and treatment of dental deformities of the upper to lower jaw. Endodontics is a dental specialty that deals with cause, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of the dental pulp and its replacement with filling materials, pulp canal therapy etc.

Prosthodontics in dentistry deals with restoration and replacement of defective teeth. Oral deterioration and loss of teeth are often the consequences of dental caries and periodontal diseases. It leaves a patient with psychological discomfort. A prosthodontists develop plans and synchronize dental treatments with dental specialists to provide comprehensive dental care to patients. The study of specialized system of hard and soft tissues that supports and maintains position in the jaw is periodontology.

An apparatus named as periodontium securely attaches teeth to the jaw thereby acting as a shock absorber during the action of biting and chewing by preventing damage to teeth by excessive forces and also to maintain stable position of teeth within the jaws. The periodontitis is always triggered by plaque accumulation on teeth which can weaken the supporting structures of teeth.  Periodontology is also regarded as ‘holistic’ form of dentistry.

Aesthetic enhancements to smile through dental treatments are considered to be cosmetic dentistry. It is concerned with the function and appearance of the teeth. With more advancements in dentistry, cosmetic procedures ranges from correction of basic color, replace the missing teeth and everything in between. The dental technology latest advancements have allowed utilizing materials that are both durable and esthetically pleasing to improve the appearance of common dental imperfections and restore both form and function of teeth. Cosmetic dentistry can improve the aesthetics of our teeth while helping you regain confidence in our smile.

Traditionally more extensive restorations on teeth were performed. Restorative dentistry is the study, and diagnosis and of diseases of the oral cavity, the teeth and supporting structures. This often referred to as ‘Oral Rehabilitation’ due to the increasing need for multidisciplinary and integrated care of teeth. Conditions that address a need for restorative dentistry are recurring decay, replacement of imperfect restorations, erosion, and abrasion of tooth structure. With the development of new materials and techniques, there has been a blurring of methods used. Restorations often rely on multiple factors for retention which incorporate principles of both mechanical and adhesive means.

Forensic dentistry or Forensic Odontology represents the overlap between the dental and the legal professions. It is the application of dental science in the legal sphere. It is the examination and evaluation of dental evidence which will then be presented in the interest of justice. The profession of forensic odontology can make a significant contribution to the field of forensic science in the identification of people both dead and living. It incorporates dental anatomy, histology, radiography, dental materials and developmental anomalies of definition. The scope of forensic odontology includes identification of victims of accidents, incineration in vehicles, house fires. 

Pediatric dentistry is a subbranch of dental science that provides both initial oral health cares for infants and children till adolescence. During the first 6 months of life, children begin to get their baby teeth. After that, they start to lose their first set of teeth which will be replaced by secondary (permanent) teeth. Without a proper dental care, they face oral decays and diseases that can cause complications and pain. Early childhood dental caries is 10 times more common than other diseases.

 The critical part that dental practitioners, dental hygienists, researchers, and other wellbeing experts of dental occasions will prompt the sheltered and powerful ailment anticipation measures to exist that everybody can embrace to enhance oral wellbeing and avert sickness. Oral issues, including dental and periodontal contaminations, dry mouth, tooth rot, are for the most part treatable with legitimate finding and care.

The regenerative dental medicine in dentistry stream conduct a wide range of translational research. It includes molecular biology, tissue engineering and stem cells focusing on replacement, engineer or regeneration of damaged tissues or organs thereby restoring normal functionality of organs. Tissue regeneration in the pulp chamber is not possible for all teeth.

The practice of dentistry is likely to be revolutionized by biological therapies based on growth and differentiation factors that accelerate or induce a natural biological regeneration. It has been very successful in treating children’s adult teeth when vitality is lost due to trauma. Dentistry has not only been at the forefront of restorative medicine but actually predates it in practice.

 It is a cluster of medical procedures that involve modifying dentition by artificial procedures by means of surgery in teeth and jaw bones. Dental implants have an internal screw which is usually made of titanium called an abutment that holds a false tooth (or teeth) when replaced. A single dental implant can support one or several replacement teeth. One potential complication of dental implant surgery involves the nerve that runs to your face supply the feeling to your lower jaw. In case, if these nerves are damaged by the implant fitted, a feel of temporary or permanent numbness is experienced.  Sometimes may also be painful. Before the procedure usually X-rays and CT scans are suggested to see the position of these nerves in jawbone, thereby minimizing this risk.

Oral and maxillofacial surgery is the specialty of dentistry, which includes revising an extensive variety of wounds, ailments and deformities in head, face, neck and tissues in oral and maxillofacial area. It encompasses the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, traumatic injuries, and deformities of the face, mouth, dentition, jaws and neck. It also includes the diagnosis and surgical treatment of diseases, injuries and defects of tissues (both hard and soft) of the oral and maxillofacial region.

 It is a bridge between medicine and dentistry, treating conditions that require expertise from both backgrounds such as head and neck cancers, early dental implant failure, antibiotic prophylaxis, salivary gland diseases, facial disproportion, facial pain and cysts and tumors of the jaws and infections. It provides the highest standard of surgical care for patients with benign and malignant tumors of the head and neck region, trauma of the oral and maxillofacial region, basic oral surgical procedures including removal of wisdom teeth and the placement of implants, dentofacial and cleft deformities.

It is intended to promote study and scientific research in the field of implantology. Sinus bone unions are additionally performed to supplant bone in the back upper jaw. Likewise, unique films might be used that disintegrate under the gum and ensure the bone unite and energize bone recovery. Real bone unions are commonly performed to repair deformities of the jaws. The maxillary sinuses are behind your cheeks and on top of the upper teeth. Sinuses are similar to exhaust rooms that have nothing in them. When upper teeth are uprooted at the point, there is a slender mass of bone isolating the mouth and the maxillary sinus.

Dental inserts need an issue that remains to be worked out them set up. At the point when the sinus divider is slight, it is difficult to place dental inserts in this bone. It provides valuable information to general dentists, oral surgeons, prosthodontists, periodontists, scientists, clinicians, laboratory owners and technicians, manufacturers, and educators about Implant basics, prosthetics, pharmaceuticals, and the latest research in implantology, implant surgery, and advanced implant procedure.

Oral cancer is a cancer that develops in the mouth or throat tissues. Almost all cancers of the mouth occur in squamous cells, the type of cells that line the mouth, tongue and lips. These are called squamous cell carcinomas (cancers). Not all tumors in the mouth are cancer. Some are benign and some are precancerous, meaning they may become cancer. Oral cancers are most often discovered after they have spread to the lymph nodes of the neck. Early detection is important in oral cancer survival. Tobacco use is one of the biggest risk factors for oral cancer. This includes smoking cigarettes, cigars, and pipes, as well as chewing tobacco. The survival rate after one year for all stages of oral cancer is 81%. After five years, the survival rate is 56%, and after 10 years it’s 41%. The removal of tumors of large size could possibly affect your abilities associated with jaw and mouth such as chewing, swallowing, or talking.

 A reconstructive surgery might be needed to rebuild the bones and tissues of the face which are removed during surgery. The recovery from each type of treatment will vary.  The effects of this surgery include symptoms such as pain and swelling, but removing small tumors usually has no associated long-term problems. People who are diagnosed with advanced oral cancer need reconstructive surgery and some rehabilitation during recovery. Reconstruction can involve dental implants or grafts to repair the missing bones and tissues in the mouth or face. 

The stream of Oral Pathology & Microbiology deals with the basic knowledge of the anatomy, physiology, histology, embryology, pathology and microbiology of tissues related to the oral and Paraoral structures. Oral Pathology represents the confluence of the basic sciences and clinical dentistry. It helps to correlate human biology with signs and symptoms of human disease. 

Oral pathology in dental science deals with the cause and diagnosis of diseases in oral cavity and maxillofacial regions by means of clinical, radiographic, microscopic, biochemical examinations. An oral pathologist is an expert of disease, disorders and pains affecting the oral region. Oral pathology cases can sometimes lead to oral cancer. These are initially often treated with biopsy which involves removal of small piece of lesion for diagnosis.

Our oral health and disease research brings together scientists, health service researchers and practitioners enabled by a strong collaborative, interdisciplinary approach, to drive translational research into: oral cancer; periodontitis detection and treatment; oral anesthetics; salivary gland disease; oral tissue engineering; bone replacement; improved delivery of dental health services and; addressing oral health inequality.

A rise in evidence of the links between oral health and disease and a range of medical disorders, including heart disease, stroke, diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis, makes understanding the causes of and developing new approaches required for the prevention, detection, and treatment of oral disease. It is of high importance in clinical medicine and public health as well as in dentistry. The management of oral disease involves providing ongoing care for individuals diagnosed with a disease of the bone, gums, teeth, mouth, or salivary glands. It is, therefore, crucial to establishing preventive motivation and guidance methods to ensure mechanical control of dental disorders.

The world of dentistry is immensely impacted by Digitalization. This dynamic shift allows lab owners to adapt their business model to match the increasing expectations of dentists and patients.  Dramatically, the arrival of Digital technologies is changing the world of Dentistry, by changing patient’s expectations towards dental treatments. Dental x-rays and other imaging studies have been the gold standard for dental diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.

As technology evolves, more and more practitioners are leaning towards the benefits of digital dentistry to streamline their practice. New software and hardware advancements change the way restorations are carried out. The digital workflow provides you with a competitive edge by expanding your options by increasing your profitability and productivity.The benefit of digital dentistry is that new technology can do that in half the time and with twice the accuracy. Digital dentistry is the wave of the future and every successful practice should recognize the benefits that this technology can offer.

The trend in dentistry is utilizing technology to make dentistry more comfortable, durable, efficient and natural-looking for the patient as possible.Advancements in new dental technology offer better solutions for traditional oral health problems than ever before Patients benefit from advanced techniques because they are less invasive and more dependable. There is a much new advancement in dentistry that your dentist may choose to offer for an enhanced state of comfort and improved oral health.  Procedures that formerly took multiple trips to the dentist or required multiple health care providers can often be performed in the comfort of one office by one qualified provider. Dentistry has seen massive improvements with respect to advancement from the traditional techniques to the digital world that has widened the scope of dental treatments and procedures. Digital dentistry tools and techniques used at present include the Laser applications, Dental implants and occlusal analysis, Forensic dentistry, Dental radiography/informatics, Robotic and digital dentistry and Imaging techniques for the craniofacial hard and soft tissues.  

Increased interest in the dental health associated new products and new players in the dental market constantly lead to tackle dental health with more speed and precision. Over the last decade the dental industry has experienced a massive influx of new technologies. The advances in dental stream have resulted in streamlined workflow, restorative accuracy as well as elevated product consistency. By developing new practice models these technologies will continue to advance and requires adaptation that enable "mission critical" technologies to remain affordable.

Every aspect of practice in marketing can influence a patient’s impression. Hence a full suite of integrated dental marketing is provided that is proven to increase the visibility of practice. The need for better dental marketing has increased the public’s awareness, as well as the need to develop better services. It’s an urge to develop a comprehensive marketing strategy. Dental Marketing program is not complete without comprehensive internet marketing. Today's reality Technology and internet advertising are developing in that capacity a rapid. Furthermore, are getting to be distinctly useful for dental practitioners to showcase their exploration and items. Web-based promoting spare time and vitality for the privilege new thoughts to demonstrate out for the dental practitioner. Web-based promoting center around the tried strategies. .A perfect blend of dental marketing strategies is required to fit specific practice marketing needs.

Scientific documentation of a single clinical observation is defined as case reports. A branch of medicine which deals with study, diagnosis, prevention & treatment of conditions, diseases & disorders related to Oral cavity & maxillofacial area. Oral Cancer - Type of cancer that can develop in any part of the mouth due to abnormal growth of cells. It occurs mostly in people over 40years of age. Vincent infection- A painful disease of the mouth characterized by gray ulceration of the mucous membrane, bleeding of gums, foul odor to the breath etc. Cavities - Permanent damage to teeth which leads to tiny holes.  Bleeding gums & several Other Case reports related to Dentistry.  Dentures - Artificial replacement of one or more teeth, especially false teeth.  Sensitivity - Seen when the enamel layer is too thin. It is characterized by severe pain & discomfort in the mouth.